Blog posts and information on substantive Oregon criminal law, as opposed to criminal procedure. Substantive law refers to the acts that can lead to criminal sanctions, and what those sanctions can be. Criminal law changes from state to state, and sometimes from city to city. Most of my posts relate to Oregon law, but some relate to federal law or aren’t specific to any jurisdiction.
Areas of substantive criminal law include:
- DUII
- Sex Offenses
- Collateral Consequences
- Sentencing
- Defenses
Should rapists have parental rights?
I just saw this article from the Courthouse News Service about the ugly fallout of the rape, and resulting pregnancy, of a 14-year-old girl. The 20-year-old rapist has been convicted and placed on probation for 16 years. He has also been ordered to admit paternity and to initiate proceedings in family court, apparently to set child support and maybe even visitation. The victim brought suit, asking the Massachusetts courts not to force her to participate in legal proceedings involving her rapist. It is deeply troubling to order a 14-year-old...
read moreWe will never know what George Zimmerman did
In light of the not-verdict, there are a lot of opinions floating around about George Zimmerman. I haven’t got one; I don’t know what happened that night, and neither do you. I felt more sympathy for Trevon Martin than for Mr. Zimmerman; the latter came across as a disappointed, wannabe police officer, and I’ve had a lot of clients who bore a close resemblance to Mr. Martin. But Mr. Zimmerman is not guilty because I, as a half-hearted observer of the case, found him unsympathetic. The only person who really knows what happened was Mr....
read moreWould you rather trust Edward Snowden or the NSA?
As you know, unless you’re living under a rock, Edward Snowden is a former National Security Agency contractor who released records relating to the NSA’s PRISM project. Although PRISM’s scope remains obscure, it appears that the NSA has been mining all sorts of data from big tech and communications companies. That data surely includes so-called ‘metadata,’ which is information about phone calls and e-mail messages, such as the sender and recipient. Response to Mr. Snowden’s revelations has been mixed; the data sought is not...
read moreOregon’s age of consent needs to be changed.
Oregon’s sex-crime laws, which appear with other “person” crimes in Chapter 163 of the Oregon Revised Statutes are a bewildering mess. In addition to rape and sodomy (sex without consent) there is sexual abuse (sexual touching without consent) unlawful sexual penetration (just what it sounds like) child-pornography offenses, and contributing to the sexual delinquency of a minor. Some of those offenses make sense as they are. Rape and sodomy are of varying degrees of seriousness depending on the victim’s age and whether there was force,...
read morePay parity for public defenders should have been passed a long time ago.
Public defenders in the federal system are paid roughly the same as their counterparts at the US Department of Justice, but state-level public defenders are not, and the pay disparity, is substantial. HB 3463 proposes pay parity for public defenders. That is the right thing to do, both as a matter of constitutional law, sound policy, and justice. Public defenders are not as politically popular as police officers, prosecutors, and jails and prisons, but all of those things are necessary expenses in order to prosecute crimes and punish...
read moreOregon’s restitution laws need reform
Over the last ten years or so, the legislature has changed the statutes relating to restitution. Restitution refers to a criminal defendant’s obligation to pay the victim for the economic harm caused by the crime. Restitution was once intended to be primarily a part of the punishment, and the judge had the discretion to impose reduced restitution, or no restitution. Now, restitution is intended to compensate the victim, and the court is required to impose all the victim’s financial costs as restitution. I think that’s a bad policy,...
read moreSenator Crapo’s alcohol problem
In Oregon, and in most states, driving with a blood-alcohol level of .08% or higher is driving under the influence of intoxicants, or DUII. The .08% is defined, semiofficially, by federal law, and it represents a balance between increasing public safety (a low number would capture more drivers) and individual autonomy (if the number is too low, no one could have a few drinks at dinner and still drive home). It’s probably necessary to have a single figure for everyone, but in fact the .08 figure is too high for people who don’t...
read moreGrey rape, and when no means no.
This issue seems to cycle in and out of the public consciousness, maybe in response to a stupid comment by a politician (remember Todd Akin?), or a heated debate between blogs as summarized in this Slate XX blog entry. Those debates, which I can remember having in a course on the philosophy of sex and love in college, only permit black-and-white answers like “no means no” when they aren’t about real situations with the blurry and contradictory facts that come out of real rape cases. Saying that ‘no’ means ‘no’ isn’t much help...
read more‘Victim’s rights’ should include the right to lenience.
Over the last twenty years, the ‘victim’s rights’ movement has fueled major changes in criminal law. Oregon victim’s-rights law permits a victim to attend judicial proceedings and to obtain information about the process. Further, as a practical matter, the prosecutor will typically consult with the victim about plea-bargaining, at least if the victim wants to be consulted. There’s a listing of the major Oregon victim’s-rights laws at http://law.lclark.edu/live/files/4971-oregon. The push for victim’s rights law came from the...
read moreHow to get bail in an Oregon criminal case
New clients often start out by asking me how they can get out of jail and get back to their families and their jobs. Deciding whether to go to trial and how to prepare a defense may be more important, but it is less immediate, so everyone wants to start by working on bail. It’s easy to get a hearing in front of a judge on bail, but it is harder to persuade a judge to set a bail amount that an average person can afford, especially when faced with Measure 11 or other serious charges or an immigration hold. The right to bail is protected...
read more
